TEF: Trachoma Elimination Follow-up
Sponsor
University of California, San Francisco (Other)
Overall Status
Completed
CT.gov ID
NCT00221364
Collaborator
(none)
20,000
1
25
798.9
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
The WHO has initiated a program to eliminate blinding trachoma by the year 2020, in large part by mass oral azithromycin distributions. It is not clear how frequently or for how long these treatments are necessary. Here we assess the frequency and duration of treatment.
| Condition or Disease | Intervention/Treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
|
Phase 4 |
Detailed Description
40 villages in the Gurage Zone of Ethiopia were randomly assigned to biannual treatment, annual treatment, and a single treatment. Each treatment consisted of a single dose of oral azithromycin to the entire population over the age of 1 year (when the study was started, azithromycin had not yet been approved for ages below 1 year). We assess the prevalence the ocular chlamydia that causes trachoma in the peak prevalence age of 1-5 years at baseline, and 2, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post treatment. An extension of the study monitors infection at 30 and 36 months post treatment. Untreated villages from the same area are enrolled in a step-wedge design to assess the presence of a secular trend. A random sample of those not within the 1-5 year old age group are examined to assess the prevalence of infection in the entire community.
Study Design
Study Type:
Interventional
Anticipated Enrollment
:
20000 participants
Allocation:
Randomized
Intervention Model:
Single Group Assignment
Masking:
Single
Primary Purpose:
Treatment
Official Title:
Trachoma Elimination With Repeated Mass Azithromycin Treatments
Study Start Date
:
Mar 1, 2003
Actual Primary Completion Date
:
Apr 1, 2005
Actual Study Completion Date
:
Apr 1, 2005
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- The prevalence of ocular chlamydia infection in a village as determined by PCR []
Secondary Outcome Measures
- Clinical active trachoma, as determined by the WHO simplified grading system, by village []
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study:
1 Year
and Older
Sexes Eligible for Study:
All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
No
Inclusion Criteria:
Age 1 to 5 years old in a village in the Gurage zone with endemic trachoma
Exclusion Criteria:
Refusal of village chief (for village inclusion), or refusal of parent or guardian (for individual inclusion)
Contacts and Locations
Locations
| Site | City | State | Country | Postal Code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ORBIS-Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | Ethiopia |
Sponsors and Collaborators
- University of California, San Francisco
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Thomas M Lietman, MD, Proctor Foundation, UCSF
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
- Biebesheimer JB, House J, Hong KC, Lakew T, Alemayehu W, Zhou Z, Moncada J, Rogér A, Keenan J, Gaynor BD, Schachter J, Lietman TM. Complete local elimination of infectious trachoma from severely affected communities after six biannual mass azithromycin distributions. Ophthalmology. 2009 Nov;116(11):2047-50. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.04.041. Epub 2009 Sep 10.
- Chidambaram JD, Alemayehu W, Melese M, Lakew T, Yi E, House J, Cevallos V, Zhou Z, Maxey K, Lee DC, Shapiro BL, Srinivasan M, Porco T, Whitcher JP, Gaynor BD, Lietman TM. Effect of a single mass antibiotic distribution on the prevalence of infectious trachoma. JAMA. 2006 Mar 8;295(10):1142-6.
- Chidambaram JD, Melese M, Alemayehu W, Yi E, Prabriputaloong T, Lee DC, Cevallos V, Zhou Z, Whitcher JP, Gaynor BD, Lietman TM. Mass antibiotic treatment and community protection in trachoma control programs. Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Nov 1;39(9):e95-7. Epub 2004 Oct 6.
- Gill DA, Lakew T, Alemayehu W, Melese M, Zhou Z, House JI, Hong KC, Ray KJ, Gandhi N, Whitcher JP, Gaynor BD, Lietman TM. Complete elimination is a difficult goal for trachoma programs in severely affected communities. Clin Infect Dis. 2008 Feb 15;46(4):564-6. doi: 10.1086/526777.
- Haug S, Lakew T, Habtemariam G, Alemayehu W, Cevallos V, Zhou Z, House J, Ray K, Porco T, Rutar T, Keenan J, Lietman TM, Gaynor BD. The decline of pneumococcal resistance after cessation of mass antibiotic distributions for trachoma. Clin Infect Dis. 2010 Sep 1;51(5):571-4. doi: 10.1086/655697.
- Hong KC, Schachter J, Moncada J, Zhou Z, House J, Lietman TM. Lack of macrolide resistance in Chlamydia trachomatis after mass azithromycin distributions for trachoma. Emerg Infect Dis. 2009 Jul;15(7):1088-90. doi: 10.3201/eid1507.081563.
- Keenan JD, Lakew T, Alemayehu W, Melese M, House JI, Acharya NR, Porco TC, Gaynor BD, Lietman TM. Slow resolution of clinically active trachoma following successful mass antibiotic treatments. Arch Ophthalmol. 2011 Apr;129(4):512-3. doi: 10.1001/archophthalmol.2011.46.
- Keenan JD, Lakew T, Alemayehu W, Melese M, Porco TC, Yi E, House JI, Zhou Z, Ray KJ, Acharya NR, Whitcher JP, Gaynor BD, Lietman TM. Clinical activity and polymerase chain reaction evidence of chlamydial infection after repeated mass antibiotic treatments for trachoma. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Mar;82(3):482-7. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0315.
- Lakew T, Alemayehu W, Melese M, Yi E, House JI, Hong KC, Zhou Z, Ray KJ, Porco TC, Gaynor BD, Lietman TM, Keenan JD. Importance of coverage and endemicity on the return of infectious trachoma after a single mass antibiotic distribution. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2009 Aug 25;3(8):e507. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000507.
- Lakew T, House J, Hong KC, Yi E, Alemayehu W, Melese M, Zhou Z, Ray K, Chin S, Romero E, Keenan J, Whitcher JP, Gaynor BD, Lietman TM. Reduction and return of infectious trachoma in severely affected communities in Ethiopia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2009;3(2):e376. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000376. Epub 2009 Feb 3.
- Lee S, Alemayehu W, Melese M, Lakew T, Lee D, Yi E, Cevallos V, Donnellan C, Zhou Z, Chidambaram JD, Gaynor BD, Whitcher JP, Lietman TM. Chlamydia on children and flies after mass antibiotic treatment for trachoma. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007 Jan;76(1):129-31.
- Melese M, Alemayehu W, Lakew T, Yi E, House J, Chidambaram JD, Zhou Z, Cevallos V, Ray K, Hong KC, Porco TC, Phan I, Zaidi A, Gaynor BD, Whitcher JP, Lietman TM. Comparison of annual and biannual mass antibiotic administration for elimination of infectious trachoma. JAMA. 2008 Feb 20;299(7):778-84. doi: 10.1001/jama.299.7.778.
- Melese M, Chidambaram JD, Alemayehu W, Lee DC, Yi EH, Cevallos V, Zhou Z, Donnellan C, Saidel M, Whitcher JP, Gaynor BD, Lietman TM. Feasibility of eliminating ocular Chlamydia trachomatis with repeat mass antibiotic treatments. JAMA. 2004 Aug 11;292(6):721-5.
- Ray KJ, Porco TC, Hong KC, Lee DC, Alemayehu W, Melese M, Lakew T, Yi E, House J, Chidambaram JD, Whitcher JP, Gaynor BD, Lietman TM. A rationale for continuing mass antibiotic distributions for trachoma. BMC Infect Dis. 2007 Aug 7;7:91.
- Shah NA, House J, Lakew T, Alemayehu W, Halfpenny C, Hong KC, Keenan JD, Porco TC, Whitcher JP, Lietman TM, Gaynor BD. Travel and implications for the elimination of trachoma in ethiopia. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2010 Mar;17(2):113-7. doi: 10.3109/09286581003624921.
- Yang JL, Hong KC, Schachter J, Moncada J, Lekew T, House JI, Zhou Z, Neuwelt MD, Rutar T, Halfpenny C, Shah N, Whitcher JP, Lietman TM. Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis ocular infection in trachoma-endemic communities by rRNA amplification. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009 Jan;50(1):90-4. doi: 10.1167/iovs.08-2247. Epub 2008 Aug 8.
Responsible Party:
University of California, San Francisco
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
NCT00221364
Other Study ID Numbers:
- 10-02630
First Posted:
Sep 22, 2005
Last Update Posted:
Jul 15, 2015
Last Verified:
Jul 1, 2015
Keywords provided by University of California, San Francisco
Additional relevant MeSH terms: