Efficacy and Safety of GTx-024 in Patients With Androgen Receptor-Positive Triple Negative Breast Cancer (AR+ TNBC)

• Sponsor: GTx (Industry)
• Overall Status: Terminated
• CT.gov ID: NCT02368691
• Collaborator: (none)
• Enrollment: 32
• Locations: 7
• Arm: 1
• Actual Duration (Months): 27.7
• Patients Per Site: 4.6
• Patients Per Site Per Month: 0.2

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine if GTx-024 is effective and safe in the treatment of patients with advanced, androgen receptor positive triple negative breast cancer (AR+ TNBC).

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Triple Negative Breast Cancer	Drug: GTx-024	Phase 2

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional
• Actual Enrollment: 32 participants
• Allocation: N/A
• Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)
• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Official Title: A Phase 2 Open Label, Multi-Center, Multinational Study Investigating The Efficacy and Safety Of GTx-024 On Advanced, Androgen Receptor-Positive Triple Negative Breast Cancer (AR+ TNBC)
• Actual Study Start Date: Jun 1, 2015
• Actual Primary Completion Date: Sep 22, 2017
• Actual Study Completion Date: Sep 22, 2017

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
Experimental: GTx-024 GTx-024 capsules, 18 mg PO once-daily for up to 12 months	Drug: GTx-024; GTx-024 softgel capsules will be administered once-daily to a total dose of 18 mg; Other Names: Enobosarm Ostarine S-22

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

1. Clinical Benefit Rate, in Centrally Confirmed Androgen Receptor Positive (AR+) Subjects [Sixteen (16) weeks]

   To estimate the clinical benefit rate (defined as complete response, partial response, or stable disease) according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v 1.1 (RECIST) as assessed by CT or MRI in subjects with centrally confirmed AR+ status. Clinical Benefit Rate=CR+PR+SD. Complete Response (CR), disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), >=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Stable Disease, <30% decrease in sum of the longest diameter of target lesions.

Secondary Outcome Measures

1. Clinical Benefit Rate, in Full Analysis Set [Sixteen (16) weeks]

   To estimate the clinical benefit rate in all subjects who receive at least one dose of study medication (full analysis set), regardless of central confirmation of AR status.

2. Best Overall Response [From treatment initiation to end of treatment (up through 11 months of treatment, median duration of treatment 1.9 months).]

   To assess best overall response as measured by RECIST 1.1 from the start of study treatment until the end of treatment taking into account any requirement for confirmation. Best overall response is reported as the best response (CR, PR or SD) by CT or MRI up through 11 months of treatment, median duration of treatment 1.9 months.

3. Progression Free Survival [From treatment initiation to tumor progression or death. PFS was assessed up to 11 months of treatment; median duration of treatment, 1.9 months]

   To assess progression free survival (PFS) defined as the time elapsed between initiation of treatment and tumor progression as measured by RECIST 1.1 or death.

4. Time-to-progression [From treatment initiation to tumor progression or death. Time to progression was assessed up to 11 months of treatment; median duration of treatment, 1.9 months]

   To assess time to progression defined as time elapsed between treatment initiation and tumor progression as measured by RECIST 1.1 or death due to disease progression.

5. Duration of Response [From time of documented tumor response to tumor progression or death. Duration of response was assessed through 11 months; median treatment duration, 1.9 months]

   To assess the duration of response defined as the time from documentation of tumor response to disease progression or death

6. Objective Response Rate [Sixteen (16) weeks]

   To estimate the objective response rate (defined as complete response or partial response) according to RECIST 1.1.

Other Outcome Measures

1. Number of Participants With Adverse Events [Up to twelve (12) months]

   To describe the safety profile in subjects with TNBC and centrally confirmed AR+ as well as in all subjects enrolled and treated.

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Years and Older
• Sexes Eligible for Study: Female
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Inclusion Criteria:

• Able and willing to give voluntary, written and signed, informed consent

• Women ≥ 18 years of age

• Women with TNBC who have received at least one but no more than two prior chemotherapy regimens for TNBC

• Confirmation of AR+ (defined as ≥ 10% nuclear AR staining by immunohistochemistry [IHC]) TNBC in either the primary or metastatic lesion, assessed during the screening period by a local laboratory or by medical history

• TNBC confirmed by medical history as: human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2]-negative (confirmed by IHC 0, 1+ regardless of fluorescence in situ hybridization [FISH] ratio; IHC 2+ with FISH ratio lower than 2.0 or HER2 gene copy less than 6.0; FISH ratio of 0, indicating gene deletion, when positive and negative in situ hybridization [ISH] controls are present); estrogen receptor (ER) negative (confirmed as ER expression less than or equal to 1% positive tumor nuclei); progesterone receptor negative (confirmed as progesterone receptor expression less than or equal to 1% positive tumor nuclei)

• Availability of paraffin embedded or formalin fixed tumor tissue; OR, a minimum of 10 and up to 20 slides of archived tumor tissue for central laboratory confirmation of AR status and molecular subtyping. Metastatic tumor tissue is preferred when possible

• Subjects must have either measurable disease or bone-only non-measurable disease, evaluable according to RECIST 1.1

• Subjects with bone metastases should be treated with intravenous bisphosphonates or subcutaneous denosumab (or investigator preferred standard of care) prior to and during the trial, unless there is a contraindication or subject intolerance to these therapies

• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0 or 1 at the time of screening and enrollment

• Negative pregnancy test in women of childbearing potential (premenopausal or less than 12 months of amenorrhea post-menopause, and who have not undergone surgical sterilization), no more than 7 days before the first dose of study treatment

• For women of childbearing potential who are sexually active, agreement to use a highly effective, non-hormonal form of contraception during and for at least 6 months after completion of study treatment; OR, a fertile male partner willing and able to use effective non-hormonal of contraception (barrier method of contraception in conjunction with spermicidal jelly, or surgical sterilization) during and for at least 6 months after completion of study treatment

• Adequate organ function as shown by:

• Absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,000 cells/mm3

• Platelet count ≥ 100,000 cells/mm3

• Hemoglobin ≥ 9 g/dL

• Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 2.5 Upper Limit of the Normal range (ULN) (or ≤ 5 if hepatic metastases are present)

• Total serum bilirubin ≤ 2.0 × ULN (unless the subject has documented Gilbert Syndrome)

• Alkaline phosphatase levels ≤ 2.5 × ULN (≤ 5 × ULN in subjects with liver metastasis)

• Serum creatinine < 2.0 mg/dL or 177 μmol/L

• International normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), or partial thromboplastin time (PTT) < 1.5 × ULN (unless on anticoagulant treatment at screening)

• Able to swallow capsules

• Any toxicity from prior chemotherapy has resolved or Grade 1 (NCI-CTCAE, Version 4.0)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Life expectancy < 4 months;

• Subjects with radiographic evidence of central nervous system (CNS) metastases as assessed by computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that are not well controlled (symptomatic or requiring control with continuous corticosteroid therapy [e.g., dexamethasone]). Note: Subjects with CNS metastases are permitted to participate in the study if the CNS metastases are medically well controlled prior to screening (as assessed by the Investigator) after receiving local therapy (irradiation, surgery, etc.)

• Radiotherapy within 14 days prior to first dose of study treatment

• Have, in the judgment of the Investigator, a clinically significant concurrent illness or psychological, familial, sociological, geographical, or other concomitant condition that would not permit adequate follow-up and compliance with the study protocol

• Positive hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection at screening

• Positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection at screening

• Prior treatment with any anti-androgens, including but not limited to, enzalutamide and bicalutamide

• Major surgery within 28 days of the first dose of study treatment

• Be currently taking or have previously taken testosterone, methyltestosterone, oxandrolone (Oxandrin®), oxymetholone, danazol, fluoxymesterone (Halotestin®), testosterone-like agents (such as dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, and other androgenic compounds, including herbals), or anti-androgens

• Treatment with any of the following hormone replacement therapies, unless discontinued at least 14 days prior to the first dose of study treatment:

• Estrogens

• Megesterol acetate

• Treatment with any investigational agent within 28 days before the first dose of study treatment

• Another active cancer (excluding adequately treated basal cell carcinoma or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN]/cervical carcinoma in situ or melanoma in situ). Prior history of other cancer is allowed as long as there is no active disease within the prior 5 years

• Subject has a concomitant medical condition that precludes adequate study treatment compliance or assessment, or increases subject risk, in the opinion of the

Investigator, such as but not limited to:

• Myocardial infarction or arterial thromboembolic events within 6 months prior to baseline or severe or unstable angina, New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or IV disease, or a QTcB (corrected according to Bazett's formula) interval > 470 msec; serious uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia grade II or higher according to NYHA; uncontrolled hypertension (systolic > 150 and/or diastolic > 100 mm Hg)

• Acute and chronic active infectious disorders and non-malignant medical illnesses that are uncontrolled or whose control may be jeopardized by the complications of this study therapy

• Impairment of gastrointestinal function or gastrointestinal disease that may significantly alter the absorption of study drugs (e.g., ulcerative disease, uncontrolled nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, malabsorption syndrome)

• Current treatment with intravenous bisphosphonate or denosumab with elevated serum calcium corrected for albumin or ionized calcium levels outside institutional normal limits at screening

• History of non-compliance to medical regimens

• Subjects unwilling to or unable to comply with the protocol procedures as assessed by the Investigator

• Concurrent participation in another therapeutic clinical trial

Contacts and Locations

Locations

	Site	City	State	Country	Postal Code
1	Holy Cross Hospital	Fort Lauderdale	Florida	United States	33308
2	Lakeland Regional Health Care/Cancer Center	Lakeland	Florida	United States	33805
3	University of Miami Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center	Miami	Florida	United States	33136
4	H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute	Tampa	Florida	United States	33612
5	St. Vincent Frontier Cancer Center	Billings	Montana	United States	59102
6	The West Clinic, PC	Memphis	Tennessee	United States	38120
7	US Oncology / Texas Oncology, P.A.	Houston	Texas	United States	77024

Sponsors and Collaborators

• GTx

Investigators

• Principal Investigator: Hope S Rugo, MD, University of California, San Francisco

Study Documents (Full-Text)

• Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan - May 26, 2016

More Information

Publications

None provided.

• Responsible Party: GTx
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02368691
• Other Study ID Numbers: G200901
• First Posted: Feb 23, 2015
• Last Update Posted: Nov 18, 2020
• Last Verified: Oct 1, 2020

• Additional relevant MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms

Study Results

Participant Flow

Recruitment Details	Up to 55 patients were planned for enrollment
Pre-assignment Detail	No patients were excluded from the study before drug assignment

Arm/Group Title	GTx-024
Arm/Group Description	GTx-024 capsules, 18 mg PO once-daily for up to 12 months GTx-024: GTx-024 softgel capsules will be administered once-daily to a total dose of 18 mg
Period Title: Overall Study
STARTED	32
COMPLETED	0
NOT COMPLETED	32

Baseline Characteristics

Arm/Group Title	GTx-024
Arm/Group Description	GTx-024 capsules, 18 mg PO once-daily for up to 12 months GTx-024: GTx-024 softgel capsules will be administered once-daily to a total dose of 18 mg
Overall Participants	32
Age (years) [Median (Full Range) ]
Median (Full Range) [years]	65
Sex: Female, Male (Count of Participants)
Female	32 100%
Male	0 0%
Race/Ethnicity, Customized (Count of Participants)
Caucasian	27 84.4%
Region of Enrollment (Count of Participants)
United States	32 100%
AR status-positive (participants) [Number]
Number [participants]	18 56.3%

Outcome Measures

1. Primary Outcome

Title	Clinical Benefit Rate, in Centrally Confirmed Androgen Receptor Positive (AR+) Subjects
Description	To estimate the clinical benefit rate (defined as complete response, partial response, or stable disease) according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v 1.1 (RECIST) as assessed by CT or MRI in subjects with centrally confirmed AR+ status. Clinical Benefit Rate=CR+PR+SD. Complete Response (CR), disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), >=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Stable Disease, <30% decrease in sum of the longest diameter of target lesions.
Time Frame	Sixteen (16) weeks

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

Subjects who were centrally confirmed as AR+

Arm/Group Title	GTx-024
Arm/Group Description	GTx-024 capsules, 18 mg PO once-daily for up to 12 months GTx-024: GTx-024 softgel capsules will be administered once-daily to a total dose of 18 mg
Measure Participants	18
Count of Participants [Participants]	1 3.1%

2. Secondary Outcome

Title	Clinical Benefit Rate, in Full Analysis Set
Description	To estimate the clinical benefit rate in all subjects who receive at least one dose of study medication (full analysis set), regardless of central confirmation of AR status.
Time Frame	Sixteen (16) weeks

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

All subjects, regardless of AR status

Arm/Group Title	GTx-024
Arm/Group Description	GTx-024 capsules, 18 mg PO once-daily for up to 12 months GTx-024: GTx-024 softgel capsules will be administered once-daily to a total dose of 18 mg
Measure Participants	32
Number [participants]	2 6.3%

3. Secondary Outcome

Title	Best Overall Response
Description	To assess best overall response as measured by RECIST 1.1 from the start of study treatment until the end of treatment taking into account any requirement for confirmation. Best overall response is reported as the best response (CR, PR or SD) by CT or MRI up through 11 months of treatment, median duration of treatment 1.9 months.
Time Frame	From treatment initiation to end of treatment (up through 11 months of treatment, median duration of treatment 1.9 months).

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	GTx-024
Arm/Group Description	GTx-024 capsules, 18 mg PO once-daily for up to 12 months GTx-024: GTx-024 softgel capsules will be administered once-daily to a total dose of 18 mg
Measure Participants	32
Number [participants]	6 18.8%

4. Secondary Outcome

Title	Progression Free Survival
Description	To assess progression free survival (PFS) defined as the time elapsed between initiation of treatment and tumor progression as measured by RECIST 1.1 or death.
Time Frame	From treatment initiation to tumor progression or death. PFS was assessed up to 11 months of treatment; median duration of treatment, 1.9 months

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

All patients regardless of AR status

Arm/Group Title	GTx-024
Arm/Group Description	GTx-024 capsules, 18 mg PO once-daily for up to 12 months GTx-024: GTx-024 softgel capsules will be administered once-daily to a total dose of 18 mg
Measure Participants	32
Number (95% Confidence Interval) [months]	1.9

5. Secondary Outcome

Title	Time-to-progression
Description	To assess time to progression defined as time elapsed between treatment initiation and tumor progression as measured by RECIST 1.1 or death due to disease progression.
Time Frame	From treatment initiation to tumor progression or death. Time to progression was assessed up to 11 months of treatment; median duration of treatment, 1.9 months

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

All subjects regardless of AR status

Arm/Group Title	GTx-024
Arm/Group Description	GTx-024 capsules, 18 mg PO once-daily for up to 12 months GTx-024: GTx-024 softgel capsules will be administered once-daily to a total dose of 18 mg
Measure Participants	32
Number (95% Confidence Interval) [months]	1.9

6. Secondary Outcome

Title	Duration of Response
Description	To assess the duration of response defined as the time from documentation of tumor response to disease progression or death
Time Frame	From time of documented tumor response to tumor progression or death. Duration of response was assessed through 11 months; median treatment duration, 1.9 months

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

All subjects regardless of AR status

Arm/Group Title	GTx-024
Arm/Group Description	GTx-024 capsules, 18 mg PO once-daily for up to 12 months GTx-024: GTx-024 softgel capsules will be administered once-daily to a total dose of 18 mg
Measure Participants	32
Median (Full Range) [months]	1.9

7. Secondary Outcome

Title	Objective Response Rate
Description	To estimate the objective response rate (defined as complete response or partial response) according to RECIST 1.1.
Time Frame	Sixteen (16) weeks

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	GTx-024
Arm/Group Description	GTx-024 capsules, 18 mg PO once-daily for up to 12 months GTx-024: GTx-024 softgel capsules will be administered once-daily to a total dose of 18 mg
Measure Participants	32
Number [participants]	0 0%

8. Other Pre-specified Outcome

Title	Number of Participants With Adverse Events
Description	To describe the safety profile in subjects with TNBC and centrally confirmed AR+ as well as in all subjects enrolled and treated.
Time Frame	Up to twelve (12) months

Outcome Measure Data

Analysis Population Description

[Not Specified]

Arm/Group Title	GTx-024
Arm/Group Description	GTx-024 capsules, 18 mg PO once-daily for up to 12 months GTx-024: GTx-024 softgel capsules will be administered once-daily to a total dose of 18 mg
Measure Participants	32
Number [participants]	28 87.5%

Adverse Events

Time Frame	one year
Arm/Group Title	GTx-024
Arm/Group Description	GTx-024 capsules, 18 mg PO once-daily for up to 12 months GTx-024: GTx-024 softgel capsules will be administered once-daily to a total dose of 18 mg
All Cause Mortality
	GTx-024
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	13/32 (40.6%)
Serious Adverse Events
	GTx-024
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	5/32 (15.6%)
Cardiac disorders
CHF	1/32 (3.1%)	1
pleural effusion	1/32 (3.1%)	1
Gastrointestinal disorders
constipation	1/32 (3.1%)	1
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
dehydration	1/32 (3.1%)	1
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
rib fracture	1/32 (3.1%)	1
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
tumor flare	1/32 (3.1%)	1
Renal and urinary disorders
UTI	1/32 (3.1%)	1
Vascular disorders
pulmonary embolism	1/32 (3.1%)	1
Other (Not Including Serious) Adverse Events
	GTx-024
	Affected / at Risk (%)	# Events
Total	28/32 (87.5%)
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
blood disorder	4/32 (12.5%)	4
Gastrointestinal disorders
GI	8/32 (25%)	8
Investigations
investigations	13/32 (40.6%)	13
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
metabolism	8/32 (25%)	8
Nervous system disorders
nervous system	3/32 (9.4%)	3
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
rash	3/32 (9.4%)	3

Limitations/Caveats

Early termination due to lack of efficacy and limited data reported.

More Information

Certain Agreements

Principal Investigators are NOT employed by the organization sponsoring the study.

There is NOT an agreement between Principal Investigators and the Sponsor (or its agents) that restricts the PI's rights to discuss or publish trial results after the trial is completed.