The Effectiveness of Multimedia Education for Patients With Type 2 Diabe Mellitus
Study Details
Study Description
Brief Summary
A total of 72 type 2 diabetes who began insulin therapy using a pen injector participated in this study. The experimental (n = 36) and control (n = 36) groups received multimedia and regular health education program. Four structured questionnaires were used, and videotapes were applied to demonstrate injection skills.
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Detailed Description
To explore the effectiveness of two types health education on knowledge in diabetes and insulin injection, skills in insulin injection, self-efficacy in insulin injection, injection performance rate, satisfaction with health education,nursing hours, and biophysical indicators among the type 2 diabetes who began insulin therapy using a pen injector.With a repeated measures experimental study design, a total of 72 type 2 diabetes who began insulin therapy using a pen injector participated in this study. The experimental (n = 36) and control (n = 36) groups received multimedia and regular health education program. Four structured questionnaires were used, and videotapes were applied to demonstrate injection skills.
Study Design
Arms and Interventions
| Arm | Intervention/Treatment |
|---|---|
| Experimental: multimedia health education The program (flat touch computer) consisted of knowledge and technology levels. Knowledge: diabetic introduction, treatment, management of hyper- and hypoglycemia, complications, and experience sharing of insulin injection by a patient group. Technology: steps of insulin injection skills and complete technology demonstration . The program contents were organized using a unit-based piecemeal teaching approach. Participants could adjust their learning pace according to individual situations and could practice injection skills using an injection mold during hospitalization. A diabetes educator has assessed the learning outcome of each participant after intervention. At the day of discharge from hospital, each participant would acquire a copy of the multimedia health education compact disc. |
Behavioral: multimedia health education
The program (flat touch computer) consisted of knowledge and technology levels. Knowledge: diabetic introduction, treatment, management of hyper- and hypoglycemia, complications, and experience sharing of insulin injection by a patient group. Technology: steps of insulin injection skills and complete technology demonstration . The program contents were organized using a unit-based piecemeal teaching approach. Participants could adjust their learning pace according to individual situations and could practice injection skills using an injection mold during hospitalization. A diabetes educator has assessed the learning outcome of each participant after intervention. At the day of discharge from hospital, each participant would acquire a copy of the multimedia health education compact disc.
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| Active Comparator: regular health education The regular (traditional) education program (a diabetes educator) consisted of knowledge and technology levels. Knowledge: diabetic introduction, treatment, management of hyper- and hypoglycemia, and complications. Technology: steps of insulin injection skills and complete technology demonstration. |
Behavioral: regular health education
The traditional education program (a diabetes educator) consisted of knowledge and technology levels. Knowledge: diabetic introduction, treatment, management of hyper- and hypoglycemia, and complications. Technology: steps of insulin injection skills and complete technology demonstration.
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Outcome Measures
Primary Outcome Measures
- diabetes and insulin injection related knowledge scale [Change from Baseline diabetes and insulin injection related knowledge to the thirteenth week after discharge from hospital]
The 20-item diabetes and insulin injection related knowledge scale consists of 4 domains: brief introduction to diabetes, precautions for diabetes medications and insulin injection, management of hyper- and hypoglycemia, and complications of diabetes. Total scores ranged from 0 to 20. Higher scores represent a better outcome.
- insulin injection skills scale [Change from Baseline insulin injection skills to the thirteenth week after discharge from hospital]
The insulin injection skills scale was rated by a certified diabetes educator according to each participant's performance on the 12 steps of operating a prefilled pen injector (12 items; scores ranged from 0 to 12) and the 10 steps of operating a disposable pen injector (10 items; scores ranged from 0 to 10 ). Participants scored 1 point for each correct operation and 0 points for each incorrect operation. Higher scores represent a better outcome.
- self-efficacy in insulin injection scale [Change from Baseline self-efficacy in insulin injection to the thirteenth week after discharge from hospital]
The 10-item self-efficacy in insulin injection scale was modified based on the General Self-Efficacy Scale. Total scores ranged from 10 to 50. Higher scores represent a better outcome.
- The health education satisfaction scale [Change from the day prior to discharge satisfaction with health education to the thirteenth week after discharge from hospital]
The 10 items health education satisfaction scale consisted of 10 items, with total scores ranging from 10 to 50. Higher scores represent a better outcome.
- nursing hours [Through intervention to the day prior to discharge from hospital, an average of 1 week]
The nursing hours were calculated by adding up the total time spent by the diabetes educator instructing each participant to perform insulin injection.
Secondary Outcome Measures
- glycated hemoglobin(HbA1C) [Change from Baseline HbA1C to the thirteenth week after discharge from hospital]
Record the concentration of HbA1C (%) from the lab data in medical record
- blood creatinine [Change from Baseline blood creatinine to the thirteenth week after discharge from hospital]
Record the concentration of blood creatinine (mg/dl) from the lab data in medical record
- insulin performance rate [Change from the first week after discharge insulin performance rate from hospital to the thirteenth week after discharge]
The rate of insulin injection at home
Eligibility Criteria
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
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Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.
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First received insulin injection with Lantus, Levemir or Novomix.
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Ability to communicate in Mandarin or Taiwanese.
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Ability to self-inject insulin.
Exclusion Criteria:
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Cognitive impairment or dementia, inability to manage self-care.
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Severe or unstable medical conditions.
Contacts and Locations
Locations
No locations specified.Sponsors and Collaborators
- Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital
Investigators
- Study Director: Mei-Chuan Huang, PHD, National Tainan Junior College of Nursing
Study Documents (Full-Text)
None provided.More Information
Publications
None provided.- KMUH-IRB-20130146