The Effect of Diet on Disease Activity and Symptoms in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis

Sponsor

University of British Columbia (Other)

Overall Status

Completed

CT.gov ID

NCT03053713

Collaborator

Canadian Foundation for Dietetic Research (CFDR) (Other)

Enrollment

Location

Arms

52.9

Actual Duration (Months)

0.5

Patients Per Site Per Month

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

The Mediterranean Diet Pattern (MDP) has been shown to have beneficial effects on the intestinal bacteria and the immune system in diseases like cancer and diabetes. The aim of this study is to determine if a MDP will have an impact on symptoms, intestinal bacteria and the immune system in Ulcerative Colitis (UC). Symptoms, blood and stool will be examined to determine if the MDP results in changes to the intestinal bacteria or immune system.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Ulcerative Colitis	Behavioral: Mediterranean diet pattern Behavioral: Habitual diet (control)	N/A

Detailed Description

Few studies have found a single dietary factor as being protective or detrimental against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), therefore novel diet approaches for the prevention and treatment of IBD are urgently needed. The Mediterranean Diet Pattern (MDP) is associated with improvements in health status and inflammatory markers in healthy individuals and rodent models of colitis. Reductions in inflammatory biomarkers and a "normalization" of the gut microbiota have been shown in patients with Crohn's disease following a MDP. To date, no studies have examined the effect of MDP on disease activity, inflammatory markers or the effects on the microbiome in ulcerative colitis (UC).

This study will examine the effects of a MDP taken by patients with UC on 1) symptoms, clinical and quality of life endpoints and 2) on gut microbiome and fecal immune biomarkers. One hundred subjects and two subjects with UC will be randomly allocated to follow a MDP for 12 weeks or their usual diet (controls). Upon initiation, throughout and completion of each diet, symptoms, clinical and quality of life endpoints will be monitored. Fecal samples will be collected to assess pH, short-chain fatty acid concentrations, bacterial abundance and diversity.

Study Design

Study Type:

Interventional

Actual Enrollment :

28 participants

Allocation:

Randomized

Intervention Model:

Parallel Assignment

Intervention Model Description:

Using a randomized, parallel treatment design, the effects of the Mediterranean diet pattern on symptoms, clinical disease activity, gut microbiome and fecal biomarkers in stable UC patients in remission will be examined. Using this design, we will compare the habitual diet (taken as a "control" diet) to the Mediterranean diet pattern taken by UC patients over a 12-week period.Using a randomized, parallel treatment design, the effects of the Mediterranean diet pattern on symptoms, clinical disease activity, gut microbiome and fecal biomarkers in stable UC patients in remission will be examined. Using this design, we will compare the habitual diet (taken as a "control" diet) to the Mediterranean diet pattern taken by UC patients over a 12-week period.

Masking:

None (Open Label)

Primary Purpose:

Treatment

Official Title:

The Effect of Diet Modification on Clinical Disease Activity, the Gut Microbiome and Immune Responses in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis

Actual Study Start Date :

Apr 4, 2017

Actual Primary Completion Date :

Aug 30, 2021

Actual Study Completion Date :

Aug 30, 2021

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
Active Comparator: Mediterranean Diet Pattern Mediterranean diet pattern x 12 weeks.	Behavioral: Mediterranean diet pattern Subjects assigned to the Mediterranean diet pattern arm will receive nutrition advice from a Registered Dietitian (RD). The RD will meet with the subjects (in-person) to provide diet education at randomization, week 3 and week 6 of the intervention. Phone and e-mail follow-up will occur at week 2 and week 9 to provide cooking tips, recipes, videos and answer questions.
Placebo Comparator: Habitual Diet Habitual diet (control) x 12 weeks.	Behavioral: Habitual diet (control) Subjects assigned to follow their habitual group will be instructed to make no changes to their diet over 12 weeks.

Arm

Intervention/Treatment

Active Comparator: Mediterranean Diet Pattern

Mediterranean diet pattern x 12 weeks.

Behavioral: Mediterranean diet pattern

Subjects assigned to the Mediterranean diet pattern arm will receive nutrition advice from a Registered Dietitian (RD). The RD will meet with the subjects (in-person) to provide diet education at randomization, week 3 and week 6 of the intervention. Phone and e-mail follow-up will occur at week 2 and week 9 to provide cooking tips, recipes, videos and answer questions.

Placebo Comparator: Habitual Diet

Habitual diet (control) x 12 weeks.

Behavioral: Habitual diet (control)

Subjects assigned to follow their habitual group will be instructed to make no changes to their diet over 12 weeks.

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index (SCCAI) [Change from baseline to week 12]
The SCCAI is a symptom-based disease activity index that uses six clinical parameters: daytime and nocturnal bowel frequency, urgency, amount of blood in the stool, well-being and extraintestinal manifestations. A reduction of SCCAI >1.5 is considered clinically significant and SCCAI score of <4 is indicative of remission.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ) [12 weeks]
Quality of life improvement measured at baseline, week 3, week 6, week 9 and 12.
Fecal microbiota [12 weeks]
Fecal microbiota measured by examining microbial taxa from stool at baseline and 12 weeks
Change in mucosal inflammation measured by fecal calprotectin [12 weeks]
Change in mucosal inflammation will be measured by fecal calprotectin at baseline and week 12
Change in serum marker of inflammation (serum CRP) [12 weeks]
Change in markers of inflammation will be measured by serum CRP
Change in serum marker of inflammation (serum ferritin) [12 weeks]
Change in markers of inflammation will be measured by serum ferritin

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:

18 Years to 65 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study:

All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Inclusion Criteria:

Ulcerative Colitis in clinical remission (partial Mayo score 0-1)
Taking oral 5-ASA, methotrexate, azathioprine or 6-mecaptopurine as long as there have been no changes in dosage for 2 months prior to the start of the study
Generally healthy besides having UC
Agree not to use any dietary supplements, herbal treatments, prebiotics, probiotics or diet therapies within three weeks of the onset of the trial or during the study

Exclusion Criteria:

Using prednisone (or steroid equivalent) or biologics (i.e., infliximab, adalimumab, vedolizumab) at the time of enrollment
Using antibiotics two weeks prior to or anytime during the study period
Pregnancy, lactation or desire to become pregnant during the study period because we do not know if or how an unborn baby/fetus could be harmed
History of colectomy or extensive colonic resection or disease is limited to the rectum
Significant chronic disorders such as severe cardiac disease, significant renal failure, severe pulmonary disease (need for oxygen)
Active gastrointestinal infection (e.g., C. difficile infection)
Severe psychiatric disorder
Unable or unwilling to consent
Unable to comply with study requirements
Presence of alcohol or drug abuse