VMAP: Vanderbilt Memory and Aging Project

Sponsor

Vanderbilt University Medical Center (Other)

Overall Status

Recruiting

CT.gov ID

NCT05372159

Collaborator

National Institute on Aging (NIA) (NIH), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) (NIH)

1,000

Enrollment

Location

171.4

Anticipated Duration (Months)

5.8

Patients Per Site Per Month

Study Details

Study Description

Brief Summary

This study will use an observational cohort to cross-sectionally and longitudinally relate vascular health to clinical, imaging, and biological markers of early Alzheimer's disease and cerebrovascular disease among aging adults. Adjusting for relevant clinical covariates, we will test the hypothesis that vascular health is associated with clinical, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), neuropsychological, and cerebrospinal fluid markers of early cerebrovascular and Alzheimer's disease changes (i.e., prior to the onset of significant cognitive decline or dementia). Secondarily, we will examine medical and genetic factors that might mediate associations between vascular health and brain aging, such as inflammatory processes, insulin resistance, and genetic factors (e.g., APOE, a susceptibility risk factor for dementia). Findings will advance knowledge regarding the role that vascular health plays in brain aging.

Condition or Disease	Intervention/Treatment	Phase
Alzheimer Disease Aging Aged, 80 and Over Biomarkers Brain Case-Control Studies Cognitive Dysfunction Neuropsychological Tests	Other: none, observational study

Detailed Description

As the population ages, Alzheimer's disease and dementia are becoming a public health crisis. In the initial cycle, the Vanderbilt Memory & Aging Project was established to examine cardiovascular function in relation to structural neuroimaging changes and cognition. The investigators tested whether associations were more prominent in clinically symptomatic individuals. The investigators successfully enrolled several hundred participants age 60 and older, data successfully supported multiple training grant opportunities (e.g., National Research Service Awards, Career Development Awards), and the investigators published numerous papers. The results suggest subclinical cardiovascular changes relate to worse cognition, white matter changes, and cerebral atrophy, especially in the hippocampus and other cortical regions primarily affected in Alzheimer's disease. Evidence to date supports the central hypothesis that well-established homeostatic mechanisms designed to protect cerebral blood supply become less effective with age, altering the integrity of cerebral hemodynamics, and lowering the threshold for neurodegenerative and cognitive changes. Interestingly, preliminary associations between subclinical cardiovascular integrity and cerebral hemodynamics are stronger among carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE-ε4) allele, an Alzheimer's disease genetic risk factor. Furthermore, findings are more prominent in cognitively unimpaired participants, suggesting subtle cardiac hemodynamic changes may act as an underrecognized precipitating contributor of neurodegeneration and corresponding cognitive decline, distinct from the exacerbating effects of overt cerebrovascular disease. In the next cycle, the investigators propose to better characterize underlying mechanisms linking early cardiac hemodynamic changes to abnormal brain aging in cognitively unimpaired participants, and test whether APOE-ε4 moderates the effect of vascular damage on brain health. The investigators will follow the existing cohort and supplement it with enrollment of several hundred cognitively unimpaired participants to increase statistical power for more comprehensive analyses. The new participants will complete serial longitudinal assessments with identical procedures plus lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid acquisition. Innovative translational efforts leveraging sophisticated neuroimaging and molecular biomarkers are critical to better detect early, asymptomatic cardiac hemodynamic changes, which may be more influential in initiating downstream cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative processes than previously recognized.

Study Design

Study Type:

Observational

Anticipated Enrollment :

1000 participants

Observational Model:

Case-Control

Time Perspective:

Prospective

Official Title:

Vanderbilt Memory and Aging Project

Actual Study Start Date :

Sep 17, 2012

Anticipated Primary Completion Date :

Dec 31, 2026

Anticipated Study Completion Date :

Dec 31, 2026

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/Treatment
Cognitively healthy adults Eligible participants completed a 4-hour screening visit, and a consensus team determined cognitive status according to the National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's Association Workgroup guidelines.	Other: none, observational study none, observational study
Cognitively impaired adults Eligible participants completed a 4-hour screening visit, and a consensus team determined cognitive status according to the National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's Association Workgroup guidelines.	Other: none, observational study none, observational study

Arm

Intervention/Treatment

Cognitively healthy adults

Eligible participants completed a 4-hour screening visit, and a consensus team determined cognitive status according to the National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's Association Workgroup guidelines.

Other: none, observational study

none, observational study

Cognitively impaired adults

Other: none, observational study

none, observational study

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

White matter hyperintensities Volume [baseline to year five]
White matter lesion volume measured by FLAIR imaging modality
Grey Matter Volume [baseline to year five]
Grey matter volume measured by T1 imaging modality
Cerebral Blood Flow [baseline to year five]
Resting cerebral blood flow to brain regions measured by T3 perfusion
Lacunar infarcts [baseline to year five]
Number of lacunar infarcts measured by MRI
Small vessel microbleeds [baseline to year five]
Presence and number of microbleeds measured by MRI
Left ventricular ejection fraction [baseline to year five]
Left ventricular ejection fraction measured by echocardiogram
Cardiac output [baseline to year five]
Amount of blood the heart pumps from each ventricle per minute, litres per minute (L/min). Measured by echocardiogram
Cardiac stroke volume [baseline to year five]
Stroke volume measured by echocardiogram
Pulse Wave velocity [baseline to year five]
pulse wave velocity measured by cardiac MRI
Cardiac Strain [baseline to year five]
Global longitudinal strain and global circumferential strain measured by cardiac MRI
Biological marker for Alzheimer's disease [baseline to year five]
Tau, amyloid, neurodegenerative levels measured in cerebrospinal fluid samples
Blood based biological marker for Alzheimer's disease [baseline to year five]
Tau, amyloid, neurodegenerative levels measured in blood samples
APOE Genotype [baseline to year five]
APOE e4 allele status

Eligibility Criteria

Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:

60 Years and Older

Sexes Eligible for Study:

All

Accepts Healthy Volunteers:

Inclusion Criteria:

Participants recruited will include 1,000 adults age 50 and older.
After the eligibility visit, a small portion of participants (~150) enrolling must meet diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment according to a clinician diagnosis and/or medical records (i.e., participants must have mild memory or cognitive problems, but they must be free of any functional problems and not have Alzheimer's disease or another form of dementia). The remaining ~850 participants will be cognitively unimpaired adults age 50 and older.
Because the neuropsychological tests used to measure cognitive performance are validated on English-speaking populations, we require that English be the primary language of all participants.

Exclusion Criteria:

No available reliable study partner
History of major psychiatric illness (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar), neurological illness (e.g., stroke, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, dementia), or head injury with significant loss of consciousness. These exclusion criteria have been applied because they affect brain structure and function.
Diagnosis of congestive heart failure
Diagnosis of atrial fibrillation or other heart arrhythmia
Diagnosis of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Diagnosis of cancer (current)
History of serious alcohol or drug abuse (past or current)
Participants unable to undergo MRI will be excluded. Reasons may include: a. Subjects who have any type of bioimplant activated by mechanical, electronic, or magnetic means (e.g., cochlear implants, pacemakers, neurostimulators, biostimulators, electronic infusion pumps, etc.). b. Subjects who have any type of ferromagnetic bioimplant that could potentially be displaced. c. Subjects who have cerebral aneurysm clips. d. Subjects who may have shrapnel imbedded in their bodies (e.g., from war wounds), metal workers and machinists (e.g., potential for metallic fragments in or near the eyes).

Subjects who are pregnant. Given that the minimum age of recruitment for the current study is 50 years of age, it is unlikely that prospective participants will be excluded because of pregnancy. f. Subjects who have excessive amounts of metal dental work based on records released by their dentist.